Completion Dissection or Observation for Sentinel-Node Metastasis in Melanoma.
Identifieur interne : 000685 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000684; suivant : 000686Completion Dissection or Observation for Sentinel-Node Metastasis in Melanoma.
Auteurs : Mark B. Faries ; John F. Thompson ; Alistair J. Cochran ; Robert H. Andtbacka ; Nicola Mozzillo ; Jonathan S. Zager ; Tiina Jahkola ; Tawnya L. Bowles ; Alessandro Testori ; Peter D. Beitsch ; Harald J. Hoekstra ; Marc Moncrieff ; Christian Ingvar ; Michel W J M. Wouters ; Michael S. Sabel ; Edward A. Levine ; Doreen Agnese ; Michael Henderson ; Reinhard Dummer ; Carlo R. Rossi ; Rogerio I. Neves ; Steven D. Trocha ; Frances Wright ; David R. Byrd ; Maurice Matter ; Eddy Hsueh ; Alastair Mackenzie-Ross ; Douglas B. Johnson ; Patrick Terheyden ; Adam C. Berger ; Tara L. Huston ; Jeffrey D. Wayne ; B Mark Smithers ; Heather B. Neuman ; Schlomo Schneebaum ; Jeffrey E. Gershenwald ; Charlotte E. Ariyan ; Darius C. Desai ; Lisa Jacobs ; Kelly M. Mcmasters ; Anja Gesierich ; Peter Hersey ; Steven D. Bines ; John M. Kane ; Richard J. Barth ; Gregory Mckinnon ; Jeffrey M. Farma ; Erwin Schultz ; Sergi Vidal-Sicart ; Richard A. Hoefer ; James M. Lewis ; Randall Scheri ; Mark C. Kelley ; Omgo E. Nieweg ; R Dirk Noyes ; Dave S B. Hoon ; He-Jing Wang ; David A. Elashoff ; Robert M. ElashoffSource :
- The New England journal of medicine [ 1533-4406 ] ; 2017.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Analyse de l'intention de traiter, Analyse de survie, Biopsie de noeud lymphatique sentinelle (effets indésirables), Complications postopératoires, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Lymphadénectomie (effets indésirables), Lymphoedème (étiologie), Modèles de hasards proportionnels, Mâle, Mélanome (), Mélanome (anatomopathologie), Mélanome (mortalité), Mélanome (secondaire), Métastase lymphatique (diagnostic), Noeud lymphatique sentinelle (), Noeud lymphatique sentinelle (anatomopathologie), Noeuds lymphatiques (anatomopathologie), Noeuds lymphatiques (imagerie diagnostique), Observation (surveillance clinique), Pronostic, Stade de la tumeur (), Sujet âgé, Survie sans rechute, Échographie.
- MESH :
- anatomopathologie : Mélanome, Noeud lymphatique sentinelle, Noeuds lymphatiques.
- diagnostic : Métastase lymphatique.
- effets indésirables : Biopsie de noeud lymphatique sentinelle, Lymphadénectomie.
- imagerie diagnostique : Noeuds lymphatiques.
- mortalité : Mélanome.
- secondaire : Mélanome.
- étiologie : Lymphoedème.
- Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Analyse de l'intention de traiter, Analyse de survie, Complications postopératoires, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Modèles de hasards proportionnels, Mâle, Mélanome, Noeud lymphatique sentinelle, Observation (surveillance clinique), Pronostic, Stade de la tumeur, Sujet âgé, Survie sans rechute, Échographie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult, Aged, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Intention to Treat Analysis, Lymph Node Excision (adverse effects), Lymph Nodes (diagnostic imaging), Lymph Nodes (pathology), Lymphatic Metastasis (diagnosis), Lymphedema (etiology), Male, Melanoma (mortality), Melanoma (pathology), Melanoma (secondary), Melanoma (surgery), Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging (methods), Postoperative Complications, Prognosis, Proportional Hazards Models, Sentinel Lymph Node (pathology), Sentinel Lymph Node (surgery), Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (adverse effects), Survival Analysis, Ultrasonography, Watchful Waiting, Young Adult.
- MESH :
- adverse effects : Lymph Node Excision, Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy.
- diagnosis : Lymphatic Metastasis.
- diagnostic imaging : Lymph Nodes.
- etiology : Lymphedema.
- methods : Neoplasm Staging.
- mortality : Melanoma.
- pathology : Lymph Nodes, Melanoma, Sentinel Lymph Node.
- secondary : Melanoma.
- surgery : Melanoma, Sentinel Lymph Node.
- Adult, Aged, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Intention to Treat Analysis, Male, Middle Aged, Postoperative Complications, Prognosis, Proportional Hazards Models, Survival Analysis, Ultrasonography, Watchful Waiting, Young Adult.
Abstract
Sentinel-lymph-node biopsy is associated with increased melanoma-specific survival (i.e., survival until death from melanoma) among patients with node-positive intermediate-thickness melanomas (1.2 to 3.5 mm). The value of completion lymph-node dissection for patients with sentinel-node metastases is not clear.
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1613210
PubMed: 28591523
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
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Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Completion Dissection or Observation for Sentinel-Node Metastasis in Melanoma.</title><author><name sortKey="Faries, Mark B" sort="Faries, Mark B" uniqKey="Faries M" first="Mark B" last="Faries">Mark B. Faries</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, John F" sort="Thompson, John F" uniqKey="Thompson J" first="John F" last="Thompson">John F. Thompson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cochran, Alistair J" sort="Cochran, Alistair J" uniqKey="Cochran A" first="Alistair J" last="Cochran">Alistair J. Cochran</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andtbacka, Robert H" sort="Andtbacka, Robert H" uniqKey="Andtbacka R" first="Robert H" last="Andtbacka">Robert H. Andtbacka</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mozzillo, Nicola" sort="Mozzillo, Nicola" uniqKey="Mozzillo N" first="Nicola" last="Mozzillo">Nicola Mozzillo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zager, Jonathan S" sort="Zager, Jonathan S" uniqKey="Zager J" first="Jonathan S" last="Zager">Jonathan S. Zager</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jahkola, Tiina" sort="Jahkola, Tiina" uniqKey="Jahkola T" first="Tiina" last="Jahkola">Tiina Jahkola</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bowles, Tawnya L" sort="Bowles, Tawnya L" uniqKey="Bowles T" first="Tawnya L" last="Bowles">Tawnya L. Bowles</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Testori, Alessandro" sort="Testori, Alessandro" uniqKey="Testori A" first="Alessandro" last="Testori">Alessandro Testori</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beitsch, Peter D" sort="Beitsch, Peter D" uniqKey="Beitsch P" first="Peter D" last="Beitsch">Peter D. Beitsch</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoekstra, Harald J" sort="Hoekstra, Harald J" uniqKey="Hoekstra H" first="Harald J" last="Hoekstra">Harald J. Hoekstra</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moncrieff, Marc" sort="Moncrieff, Marc" uniqKey="Moncrieff M" first="Marc" last="Moncrieff">Marc Moncrieff</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingvar, Christian" sort="Ingvar, Christian" uniqKey="Ingvar C" first="Christian" last="Ingvar">Christian Ingvar</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wouters, Michel W J M" sort="Wouters, Michel W J M" uniqKey="Wouters M" first="Michel W J M" last="Wouters">Michel W J M. Wouters</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sabel, Michael S" sort="Sabel, Michael S" uniqKey="Sabel M" first="Michael S" last="Sabel">Michael S. Sabel</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levine, Edward A" sort="Levine, Edward A" uniqKey="Levine E" first="Edward A" last="Levine">Edward A. Levine</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agnese, Doreen" sort="Agnese, Doreen" uniqKey="Agnese D" first="Doreen" last="Agnese">Doreen Agnese</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Henderson, Michael" sort="Henderson, Michael" uniqKey="Henderson M" first="Michael" last="Henderson">Michael Henderson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dummer, Reinhard" sort="Dummer, Reinhard" uniqKey="Dummer R" first="Reinhard" last="Dummer">Reinhard Dummer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rossi, Carlo R" sort="Rossi, Carlo R" uniqKey="Rossi C" first="Carlo R" last="Rossi">Carlo R. Rossi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neves, Rogerio I" sort="Neves, Rogerio I" uniqKey="Neves R" first="Rogerio I" last="Neves">Rogerio I. Neves</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Trocha, Steven D" sort="Trocha, Steven D" uniqKey="Trocha S" first="Steven D" last="Trocha">Steven D. Trocha</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wright, Frances" sort="Wright, Frances" uniqKey="Wright F" first="Frances" last="Wright">Frances Wright</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Byrd, David R" sort="Byrd, David R" uniqKey="Byrd D" first="David R" last="Byrd">David R. Byrd</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matter, Maurice" sort="Matter, Maurice" uniqKey="Matter M" first="Maurice" last="Matter">Maurice Matter</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hsueh, Eddy" sort="Hsueh, Eddy" uniqKey="Hsueh E" first="Eddy" last="Hsueh">Eddy Hsueh</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mackenzie Ross, Alastair" sort="Mackenzie Ross, Alastair" uniqKey="Mackenzie Ross A" first="Alastair" last="Mackenzie-Ross">Alastair Mackenzie-Ross</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Douglas B" sort="Johnson, Douglas B" uniqKey="Johnson D" first="Douglas B" last="Johnson">Douglas B. Johnson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Terheyden, Patrick" sort="Terheyden, Patrick" uniqKey="Terheyden P" first="Patrick" last="Terheyden">Patrick Terheyden</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Berger, Adam C" sort="Berger, Adam C" uniqKey="Berger A" first="Adam C" last="Berger">Adam C. Berger</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huston, Tara L" sort="Huston, Tara L" uniqKey="Huston T" first="Tara L" last="Huston">Tara L. Huston</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wayne, Jeffrey D" sort="Wayne, Jeffrey D" uniqKey="Wayne J" first="Jeffrey D" last="Wayne">Jeffrey D. Wayne</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smithers, B Mark" sort="Smithers, B Mark" uniqKey="Smithers B" first="B Mark" last="Smithers">B Mark Smithers</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neuman, Heather B" sort="Neuman, Heather B" uniqKey="Neuman H" first="Heather B" last="Neuman">Heather B. Neuman</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneebaum, Schlomo" sort="Schneebaum, Schlomo" uniqKey="Schneebaum S" first="Schlomo" last="Schneebaum">Schlomo Schneebaum</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gershenwald, Jeffrey E" sort="Gershenwald, Jeffrey E" uniqKey="Gershenwald J" first="Jeffrey E" last="Gershenwald">Jeffrey E. Gershenwald</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ariyan, Charlotte E" sort="Ariyan, Charlotte E" uniqKey="Ariyan C" first="Charlotte E" last="Ariyan">Charlotte E. Ariyan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Desai, Darius C" sort="Desai, Darius C" uniqKey="Desai D" first="Darius C" last="Desai">Darius C. Desai</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jacobs, Lisa" sort="Jacobs, Lisa" uniqKey="Jacobs L" first="Lisa" last="Jacobs">Lisa Jacobs</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcmasters, Kelly M" sort="Mcmasters, Kelly M" uniqKey="Mcmasters K" first="Kelly M" last="Mcmasters">Kelly M. Mcmasters</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gesierich, Anja" sort="Gesierich, Anja" uniqKey="Gesierich A" first="Anja" last="Gesierich">Anja Gesierich</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hersey, Peter" sort="Hersey, Peter" uniqKey="Hersey P" first="Peter" last="Hersey">Peter Hersey</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bines, Steven D" sort="Bines, Steven D" uniqKey="Bines S" first="Steven D" last="Bines">Steven D. Bines</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kane, John M" sort="Kane, John M" uniqKey="Kane J" first="John M" last="Kane">John M. Kane</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barth, Richard J" sort="Barth, Richard J" uniqKey="Barth R" first="Richard J" last="Barth">Richard J. Barth</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mckinnon, Gregory" sort="Mckinnon, Gregory" uniqKey="Mckinnon G" first="Gregory" last="Mckinnon">Gregory Mckinnon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Farma, Jeffrey M" sort="Farma, Jeffrey M" uniqKey="Farma J" first="Jeffrey M" last="Farma">Jeffrey M. Farma</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schultz, Erwin" sort="Schultz, Erwin" uniqKey="Schultz E" first="Erwin" last="Schultz">Erwin Schultz</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vidal Sicart, Sergi" sort="Vidal Sicart, Sergi" uniqKey="Vidal Sicart S" first="Sergi" last="Vidal-Sicart">Sergi Vidal-Sicart</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoefer, Richard A" sort="Hoefer, Richard A" uniqKey="Hoefer R" first="Richard A" last="Hoefer">Richard A. Hoefer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, James M" sort="Lewis, James M" uniqKey="Lewis J" first="James M" last="Lewis">James M. Lewis</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scheri, Randall" sort="Scheri, Randall" uniqKey="Scheri R" first="Randall" last="Scheri">Randall Scheri</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kelley, Mark C" sort="Kelley, Mark C" uniqKey="Kelley M" first="Mark C" last="Kelley">Mark C. Kelley</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nieweg, Omgo E" sort="Nieweg, Omgo E" uniqKey="Nieweg O" first="Omgo E" last="Nieweg">Omgo E. Nieweg</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Noyes, R Dirk" sort="Noyes, R Dirk" uniqKey="Noyes R" first="R Dirk" last="Noyes">R Dirk Noyes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoon, Dave S B" sort="Hoon, Dave S B" uniqKey="Hoon D" first="Dave S B" last="Hoon">Dave S B. Hoon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, He Jing" sort="Wang, He Jing" uniqKey="Wang H" first="He-Jing" last="Wang">He-Jing Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elashoff, David A" sort="Elashoff, David A" uniqKey="Elashoff D" first="David A" last="Elashoff">David A. Elashoff</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elashoff, Robert M" sort="Elashoff, Robert M" uniqKey="Elashoff R" first="Robert M" last="Elashoff">Robert M. Elashoff</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:28591523</idno><idno type="pmid">28591523</idno><idno type="doi">10.1056/NEJMoa1613210</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000156</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000156</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000156</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000156</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000156</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000156</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">009171</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">009171</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">009171</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000686</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000685</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000685</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Completion Dissection or Observation for Sentinel-Node Metastasis in Melanoma.</title><author><name sortKey="Faries, Mark B" sort="Faries, Mark B" uniqKey="Faries M" first="Mark B" last="Faries">Mark B. Faries</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, John F" sort="Thompson, John F" uniqKey="Thompson J" first="John F" last="Thompson">John F. Thompson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cochran, Alistair J" sort="Cochran, Alistair J" uniqKey="Cochran A" first="Alistair J" last="Cochran">Alistair J. Cochran</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andtbacka, Robert H" sort="Andtbacka, Robert H" uniqKey="Andtbacka R" first="Robert H" last="Andtbacka">Robert H. Andtbacka</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mozzillo, Nicola" sort="Mozzillo, Nicola" uniqKey="Mozzillo N" first="Nicola" last="Mozzillo">Nicola Mozzillo</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zager, Jonathan S" sort="Zager, Jonathan S" uniqKey="Zager J" first="Jonathan S" last="Zager">Jonathan S. Zager</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jahkola, Tiina" sort="Jahkola, Tiina" uniqKey="Jahkola T" first="Tiina" last="Jahkola">Tiina Jahkola</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bowles, Tawnya L" sort="Bowles, Tawnya L" uniqKey="Bowles T" first="Tawnya L" last="Bowles">Tawnya L. Bowles</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Testori, Alessandro" sort="Testori, Alessandro" uniqKey="Testori A" first="Alessandro" last="Testori">Alessandro Testori</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Beitsch, Peter D" sort="Beitsch, Peter D" uniqKey="Beitsch P" first="Peter D" last="Beitsch">Peter D. Beitsch</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoekstra, Harald J" sort="Hoekstra, Harald J" uniqKey="Hoekstra H" first="Harald J" last="Hoekstra">Harald J. Hoekstra</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moncrieff, Marc" sort="Moncrieff, Marc" uniqKey="Moncrieff M" first="Marc" last="Moncrieff">Marc Moncrieff</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingvar, Christian" sort="Ingvar, Christian" uniqKey="Ingvar C" first="Christian" last="Ingvar">Christian Ingvar</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wouters, Michel W J M" sort="Wouters, Michel W J M" uniqKey="Wouters M" first="Michel W J M" last="Wouters">Michel W J M. Wouters</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sabel, Michael S" sort="Sabel, Michael S" uniqKey="Sabel M" first="Michael S" last="Sabel">Michael S. Sabel</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levine, Edward A" sort="Levine, Edward A" uniqKey="Levine E" first="Edward A" last="Levine">Edward A. Levine</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Agnese, Doreen" sort="Agnese, Doreen" uniqKey="Agnese D" first="Doreen" last="Agnese">Doreen Agnese</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Henderson, Michael" sort="Henderson, Michael" uniqKey="Henderson M" first="Michael" last="Henderson">Michael Henderson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dummer, Reinhard" sort="Dummer, Reinhard" uniqKey="Dummer R" first="Reinhard" last="Dummer">Reinhard Dummer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rossi, Carlo R" sort="Rossi, Carlo R" uniqKey="Rossi C" first="Carlo R" last="Rossi">Carlo R. Rossi</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neves, Rogerio I" sort="Neves, Rogerio I" uniqKey="Neves R" first="Rogerio I" last="Neves">Rogerio I. Neves</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Trocha, Steven D" sort="Trocha, Steven D" uniqKey="Trocha S" first="Steven D" last="Trocha">Steven D. Trocha</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wright, Frances" sort="Wright, Frances" uniqKey="Wright F" first="Frances" last="Wright">Frances Wright</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Byrd, David R" sort="Byrd, David R" uniqKey="Byrd D" first="David R" last="Byrd">David R. Byrd</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Matter, Maurice" sort="Matter, Maurice" uniqKey="Matter M" first="Maurice" last="Matter">Maurice Matter</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hsueh, Eddy" sort="Hsueh, Eddy" uniqKey="Hsueh E" first="Eddy" last="Hsueh">Eddy Hsueh</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mackenzie Ross, Alastair" sort="Mackenzie Ross, Alastair" uniqKey="Mackenzie Ross A" first="Alastair" last="Mackenzie-Ross">Alastair Mackenzie-Ross</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Douglas B" sort="Johnson, Douglas B" uniqKey="Johnson D" first="Douglas B" last="Johnson">Douglas B. Johnson</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Terheyden, Patrick" sort="Terheyden, Patrick" uniqKey="Terheyden P" first="Patrick" last="Terheyden">Patrick Terheyden</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Berger, Adam C" sort="Berger, Adam C" uniqKey="Berger A" first="Adam C" last="Berger">Adam C. Berger</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huston, Tara L" sort="Huston, Tara L" uniqKey="Huston T" first="Tara L" last="Huston">Tara L. Huston</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wayne, Jeffrey D" sort="Wayne, Jeffrey D" uniqKey="Wayne J" first="Jeffrey D" last="Wayne">Jeffrey D. Wayne</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smithers, B Mark" sort="Smithers, B Mark" uniqKey="Smithers B" first="B Mark" last="Smithers">B Mark Smithers</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neuman, Heather B" sort="Neuman, Heather B" uniqKey="Neuman H" first="Heather B" last="Neuman">Heather B. Neuman</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneebaum, Schlomo" sort="Schneebaum, Schlomo" uniqKey="Schneebaum S" first="Schlomo" last="Schneebaum">Schlomo Schneebaum</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gershenwald, Jeffrey E" sort="Gershenwald, Jeffrey E" uniqKey="Gershenwald J" first="Jeffrey E" last="Gershenwald">Jeffrey E. Gershenwald</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ariyan, Charlotte E" sort="Ariyan, Charlotte E" uniqKey="Ariyan C" first="Charlotte E" last="Ariyan">Charlotte E. Ariyan</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Desai, Darius C" sort="Desai, Darius C" uniqKey="Desai D" first="Darius C" last="Desai">Darius C. Desai</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jacobs, Lisa" sort="Jacobs, Lisa" uniqKey="Jacobs L" first="Lisa" last="Jacobs">Lisa Jacobs</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcmasters, Kelly M" sort="Mcmasters, Kelly M" uniqKey="Mcmasters K" first="Kelly M" last="Mcmasters">Kelly M. Mcmasters</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gesierich, Anja" sort="Gesierich, Anja" uniqKey="Gesierich A" first="Anja" last="Gesierich">Anja Gesierich</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hersey, Peter" sort="Hersey, Peter" uniqKey="Hersey P" first="Peter" last="Hersey">Peter Hersey</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bines, Steven D" sort="Bines, Steven D" uniqKey="Bines S" first="Steven D" last="Bines">Steven D. Bines</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kane, John M" sort="Kane, John M" uniqKey="Kane J" first="John M" last="Kane">John M. Kane</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barth, Richard J" sort="Barth, Richard J" uniqKey="Barth R" first="Richard J" last="Barth">Richard J. Barth</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mckinnon, Gregory" sort="Mckinnon, Gregory" uniqKey="Mckinnon G" first="Gregory" last="Mckinnon">Gregory Mckinnon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Farma, Jeffrey M" sort="Farma, Jeffrey M" uniqKey="Farma J" first="Jeffrey M" last="Farma">Jeffrey M. Farma</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schultz, Erwin" sort="Schultz, Erwin" uniqKey="Schultz E" first="Erwin" last="Schultz">Erwin Schultz</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vidal Sicart, Sergi" sort="Vidal Sicart, Sergi" uniqKey="Vidal Sicart S" first="Sergi" last="Vidal-Sicart">Sergi Vidal-Sicart</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoefer, Richard A" sort="Hoefer, Richard A" uniqKey="Hoefer R" first="Richard A" last="Hoefer">Richard A. Hoefer</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lewis, James M" sort="Lewis, James M" uniqKey="Lewis J" first="James M" last="Lewis">James M. Lewis</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scheri, Randall" sort="Scheri, Randall" uniqKey="Scheri R" first="Randall" last="Scheri">Randall Scheri</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kelley, Mark C" sort="Kelley, Mark C" uniqKey="Kelley M" first="Mark C" last="Kelley">Mark C. Kelley</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nieweg, Omgo E" sort="Nieweg, Omgo E" uniqKey="Nieweg O" first="Omgo E" last="Nieweg">Omgo E. Nieweg</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Noyes, R Dirk" sort="Noyes, R Dirk" uniqKey="Noyes R" first="R Dirk" last="Noyes">R Dirk Noyes</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hoon, Dave S B" sort="Hoon, Dave S B" uniqKey="Hoon D" first="Dave S B" last="Hoon">Dave S B. Hoon</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, He Jing" sort="Wang, He Jing" uniqKey="Wang H" first="He-Jing" last="Wang">He-Jing Wang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elashoff, David A" sort="Elashoff, David A" uniqKey="Elashoff D" first="David A" last="Elashoff">David A. Elashoff</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Elashoff, Robert M" sort="Elashoff, Robert M" uniqKey="Elashoff R" first="Robert M" last="Elashoff">Robert M. Elashoff</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>From the John Wayne Cancer Institute at Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica (M.B.F., D.S.B.H.), and the Departments of Pathology (A.J.C.), Biomathematics (H.-J.W., D.A.E., R.M.E.), and Medicine (D.A.E.), University of California, Los Angeles - both in California; Melanoma Institute Australia and the University of Sydney, Sydney (J.F.T., O.E.N.), Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC (M.H.), Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD (B.M.S.), and Newcastle Melanoma Unit, Waratah, NSW (P.H.) - all in Australia; Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City (R.H.A., R.D.N.), and Intermountain Healthcare Cancer Services-Intermountain Medical Center, Murray (T.L.B.) - both in Utah; Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Napoli, Naples (N.M.), Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milan (A.T.), and Istituto Oncologico Veneto-University of Padua, Padua (C.R.R.) - all in Italy; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL (J.S.Z.); Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki (T.J.); Dallas Surgical Group, Dallas (P.D.B.); Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Groningen (H.J.H.), and Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam (M.W.J.M.W.) - both in the Netherlands; Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich (M. Moncrieff), and Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London (A.M.-R.) - both in the United Kingdom; Swedish Melanoma Study Group-University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden (C.I.); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S.S.); Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem (E.A.L.), and Duke University, Durham (R.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (D.A.); University of Zurich, Zurich (R.D.), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne (M. Matter) - both in Switzerland; Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Hershey (R.I.N.), Thomas Jefferson University (A.C.B.) and Fox Chase Cancer Center (J.M.F.), Philadelphia, and St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem (D.C.D.) - all in Pennsylvania; Greenville Health System Cancer Center, Greenville, SC (S.D.T.); Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto (F.W.), and Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB (G.M.) - both in Canada; University of Washington, Seattle (D.R.B.); Saint Louis University, St. Louis (E.H.); Vanderbilt University (D.B.J., M.C.K.), Nashville, and University of Tennessee, Knoxville (J.M.L.) - both in Tennessee; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein-Campus Lübeck, Lübeck (P.T.), University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg (A.G.), and City Hospital of Nürnberg, Nuremberg (E.S.) - all in Germany; SUNY at Stony Brook Hospital Medical Center, Stony Brook (T.L.H.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York (C.E.A.), and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo (J.M.K.) - all in New York; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine (J.D.W.) and Rush University Medical Center (S.D.B.), Chicago; University of Wisconsin, Madison (H.B.N.); Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel (S.S.); M.D. Anderson Medical Center, Houston (J.E.G.); Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (L.J.); University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (K.M.M.); Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH (R.J.B.); Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona (S.V.-S.); and Sentara CarePlex Hospital, Hampton, VA (R.A.H.).</nlm:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">VA (R.A.H.).</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The New England journal of medicine</title><idno type="eISSN">1533-4406</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Disease-Free Survival</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Intention to Treat Analysis</term><term>Lymph Node Excision (adverse effects)</term><term>Lymph Nodes (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Lymph Nodes (pathology)</term><term>Lymphatic Metastasis (diagnosis)</term><term>Lymphedema (etiology)</term><term>Male</term><term>Melanoma (mortality)</term><term>Melanoma (pathology)</term><term>Melanoma (secondary)</term><term>Melanoma (surgery)</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Neoplasm Staging (methods)</term><term>Postoperative Complications</term><term>Prognosis</term><term>Proportional Hazards Models</term><term>Sentinel Lymph Node (pathology)</term><term>Sentinel Lymph Node (surgery)</term><term>Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (adverse effects)</term><term>Survival Analysis</term><term>Ultrasonography</term><term>Watchful Waiting</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Analyse de l'intention de traiter</term><term>Analyse de survie</term><term>Biopsie de noeud lymphatique sentinelle (effets indésirables)</term><term>Complications postopératoires</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Lymphadénectomie (effets indésirables)</term><term>Lymphoedème (étiologie)</term><term>Modèles de hasards proportionnels</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Mélanome ()</term><term>Mélanome (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Mélanome (mortalité)</term><term>Mélanome (secondaire)</term><term>Métastase lymphatique (diagnostic)</term><term>Noeud lymphatique sentinelle ()</term><term>Noeud lymphatique sentinelle (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Noeuds lymphatiques (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Noeuds lymphatiques (imagerie diagnostique)</term><term>Observation (surveillance clinique)</term><term>Pronostic</term><term>Stade de la tumeur ()</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Survie sans rechute</term><term>Échographie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="adverse effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Lymph Node Excision</term><term>Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="anatomopathologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Mélanome</term><term>Noeud lymphatique sentinelle</term><term>Noeuds lymphatiques</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnosis" xml:lang="en"><term>Lymphatic Metastasis</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Métastase lymphatique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic imaging" xml:lang="en"><term>Lymph Nodes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="effets indésirables" xml:lang="fr"><term>Biopsie de noeud lymphatique sentinelle</term><term>Lymphadénectomie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Lymphedema</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="imagerie diagnostique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Noeuds lymphatiques</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Neoplasm Staging</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortality" xml:lang="en"><term>Melanoma</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortalité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Mélanome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Lymph Nodes</term><term>Melanoma</term><term>Sentinel Lymph Node</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="secondaire" xml:lang="fr"><term>Mélanome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="secondary" xml:lang="en"><term>Melanoma</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="surgery" xml:lang="en"><term>Melanoma</term><term>Sentinel Lymph Node</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="étiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Lymphoedème</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Disease-Free Survival</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Intention to Treat Analysis</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Postoperative Complications</term><term>Prognosis</term><term>Proportional Hazards Models</term><term>Survival Analysis</term><term>Ultrasonography</term><term>Watchful Waiting</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Analyse de l'intention de traiter</term><term>Analyse de survie</term><term>Complications postopératoires</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Modèles de hasards proportionnels</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Mélanome</term><term>Noeud lymphatique sentinelle</term><term>Observation (surveillance clinique)</term><term>Pronostic</term><term>Stade de la tumeur</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Survie sans rechute</term><term>Échographie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Sentinel-lymph-node biopsy is associated with increased melanoma-specific survival (i.e., survival until death from melanoma) among patients with node-positive intermediate-thickness melanomas (1.2 to 3.5 mm). The value of completion lymph-node dissection for patients with sentinel-node metastases is not clear.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Agnese, Doreen" sort="Agnese, Doreen" uniqKey="Agnese D" first="Doreen" last="Agnese">Doreen Agnese</name><name sortKey="Andtbacka, Robert H" sort="Andtbacka, Robert H" uniqKey="Andtbacka R" first="Robert H" last="Andtbacka">Robert H. Andtbacka</name><name sortKey="Ariyan, Charlotte E" sort="Ariyan, Charlotte E" uniqKey="Ariyan C" first="Charlotte E" last="Ariyan">Charlotte E. Ariyan</name><name sortKey="Barth, Richard J" sort="Barth, Richard J" uniqKey="Barth R" first="Richard J" last="Barth">Richard J. Barth</name><name sortKey="Beitsch, Peter D" sort="Beitsch, Peter D" uniqKey="Beitsch P" first="Peter D" last="Beitsch">Peter D. Beitsch</name><name sortKey="Berger, Adam C" sort="Berger, Adam C" uniqKey="Berger A" first="Adam C" last="Berger">Adam C. Berger</name><name sortKey="Bines, Steven D" sort="Bines, Steven D" uniqKey="Bines S" first="Steven D" last="Bines">Steven D. Bines</name><name sortKey="Bowles, Tawnya L" sort="Bowles, Tawnya L" uniqKey="Bowles T" first="Tawnya L" last="Bowles">Tawnya L. Bowles</name><name sortKey="Byrd, David R" sort="Byrd, David R" uniqKey="Byrd D" first="David R" last="Byrd">David R. Byrd</name><name sortKey="Cochran, Alistair J" sort="Cochran, Alistair J" uniqKey="Cochran A" first="Alistair J" last="Cochran">Alistair J. Cochran</name><name sortKey="Desai, Darius C" sort="Desai, Darius C" uniqKey="Desai D" first="Darius C" last="Desai">Darius C. Desai</name><name sortKey="Dummer, Reinhard" sort="Dummer, Reinhard" uniqKey="Dummer R" first="Reinhard" last="Dummer">Reinhard Dummer</name><name sortKey="Elashoff, David A" sort="Elashoff, David A" uniqKey="Elashoff D" first="David A" last="Elashoff">David A. Elashoff</name><name sortKey="Elashoff, Robert M" sort="Elashoff, Robert M" uniqKey="Elashoff R" first="Robert M" last="Elashoff">Robert M. Elashoff</name><name sortKey="Faries, Mark B" sort="Faries, Mark B" uniqKey="Faries M" first="Mark B" last="Faries">Mark B. Faries</name><name sortKey="Farma, Jeffrey M" sort="Farma, Jeffrey M" uniqKey="Farma J" first="Jeffrey M" last="Farma">Jeffrey M. Farma</name><name sortKey="Gershenwald, Jeffrey E" sort="Gershenwald, Jeffrey E" uniqKey="Gershenwald J" first="Jeffrey E" last="Gershenwald">Jeffrey E. Gershenwald</name><name sortKey="Gesierich, Anja" sort="Gesierich, Anja" uniqKey="Gesierich A" first="Anja" last="Gesierich">Anja Gesierich</name><name sortKey="Henderson, Michael" sort="Henderson, Michael" uniqKey="Henderson M" first="Michael" last="Henderson">Michael Henderson</name><name sortKey="Hersey, Peter" sort="Hersey, Peter" uniqKey="Hersey P" first="Peter" last="Hersey">Peter Hersey</name><name sortKey="Hoefer, Richard A" sort="Hoefer, Richard A" uniqKey="Hoefer R" first="Richard A" last="Hoefer">Richard A. Hoefer</name><name sortKey="Hoekstra, Harald J" sort="Hoekstra, Harald J" uniqKey="Hoekstra H" first="Harald J" last="Hoekstra">Harald J. Hoekstra</name><name sortKey="Hoon, Dave S B" sort="Hoon, Dave S B" uniqKey="Hoon D" first="Dave S B" last="Hoon">Dave S B. Hoon</name><name sortKey="Hsueh, Eddy" sort="Hsueh, Eddy" uniqKey="Hsueh E" first="Eddy" last="Hsueh">Eddy Hsueh</name><name sortKey="Huston, Tara L" sort="Huston, Tara L" uniqKey="Huston T" first="Tara L" last="Huston">Tara L. Huston</name><name sortKey="Ingvar, Christian" sort="Ingvar, Christian" uniqKey="Ingvar C" first="Christian" last="Ingvar">Christian Ingvar</name><name sortKey="Jacobs, Lisa" sort="Jacobs, Lisa" uniqKey="Jacobs L" first="Lisa" last="Jacobs">Lisa Jacobs</name><name sortKey="Jahkola, Tiina" sort="Jahkola, Tiina" uniqKey="Jahkola T" first="Tiina" last="Jahkola">Tiina Jahkola</name><name sortKey="Johnson, Douglas B" sort="Johnson, Douglas B" uniqKey="Johnson D" first="Douglas B" last="Johnson">Douglas B. Johnson</name><name sortKey="Kane, John M" sort="Kane, John M" uniqKey="Kane J" first="John M" last="Kane">John M. Kane</name><name sortKey="Kelley, Mark C" sort="Kelley, Mark C" uniqKey="Kelley M" first="Mark C" last="Kelley">Mark C. Kelley</name><name sortKey="Levine, Edward A" sort="Levine, Edward A" uniqKey="Levine E" first="Edward A" last="Levine">Edward A. Levine</name><name sortKey="Lewis, James M" sort="Lewis, James M" uniqKey="Lewis J" first="James M" last="Lewis">James M. Lewis</name><name sortKey="Mackenzie Ross, Alastair" sort="Mackenzie Ross, Alastair" uniqKey="Mackenzie Ross A" first="Alastair" last="Mackenzie-Ross">Alastair Mackenzie-Ross</name><name sortKey="Matter, Maurice" sort="Matter, Maurice" uniqKey="Matter M" first="Maurice" last="Matter">Maurice Matter</name><name sortKey="Mckinnon, Gregory" sort="Mckinnon, Gregory" uniqKey="Mckinnon G" first="Gregory" last="Mckinnon">Gregory Mckinnon</name><name sortKey="Mcmasters, Kelly M" sort="Mcmasters, Kelly M" uniqKey="Mcmasters K" first="Kelly M" last="Mcmasters">Kelly M. Mcmasters</name><name sortKey="Moncrieff, Marc" sort="Moncrieff, Marc" uniqKey="Moncrieff M" first="Marc" last="Moncrieff">Marc Moncrieff</name><name sortKey="Mozzillo, Nicola" sort="Mozzillo, Nicola" uniqKey="Mozzillo N" first="Nicola" last="Mozzillo">Nicola Mozzillo</name><name sortKey="Neuman, Heather B" sort="Neuman, Heather B" uniqKey="Neuman H" first="Heather B" last="Neuman">Heather B. Neuman</name><name sortKey="Neves, Rogerio I" sort="Neves, Rogerio I" uniqKey="Neves R" first="Rogerio I" last="Neves">Rogerio I. Neves</name><name sortKey="Nieweg, Omgo E" sort="Nieweg, Omgo E" uniqKey="Nieweg O" first="Omgo E" last="Nieweg">Omgo E. Nieweg</name><name sortKey="Noyes, R Dirk" sort="Noyes, R Dirk" uniqKey="Noyes R" first="R Dirk" last="Noyes">R Dirk Noyes</name><name sortKey="Rossi, Carlo R" sort="Rossi, Carlo R" uniqKey="Rossi C" first="Carlo R" last="Rossi">Carlo R. Rossi</name><name sortKey="Sabel, Michael S" sort="Sabel, Michael S" uniqKey="Sabel M" first="Michael S" last="Sabel">Michael S. Sabel</name><name sortKey="Scheri, Randall" sort="Scheri, Randall" uniqKey="Scheri R" first="Randall" last="Scheri">Randall Scheri</name><name sortKey="Schneebaum, Schlomo" sort="Schneebaum, Schlomo" uniqKey="Schneebaum S" first="Schlomo" last="Schneebaum">Schlomo Schneebaum</name><name sortKey="Schultz, Erwin" sort="Schultz, Erwin" uniqKey="Schultz E" first="Erwin" last="Schultz">Erwin Schultz</name><name sortKey="Smithers, B Mark" sort="Smithers, B Mark" uniqKey="Smithers B" first="B Mark" last="Smithers">B Mark Smithers</name><name sortKey="Terheyden, Patrick" sort="Terheyden, Patrick" uniqKey="Terheyden P" first="Patrick" last="Terheyden">Patrick Terheyden</name><name sortKey="Testori, Alessandro" sort="Testori, Alessandro" uniqKey="Testori A" first="Alessandro" last="Testori">Alessandro Testori</name><name sortKey="Thompson, John F" sort="Thompson, John F" uniqKey="Thompson J" first="John F" last="Thompson">John F. Thompson</name><name sortKey="Trocha, Steven D" sort="Trocha, Steven D" uniqKey="Trocha S" first="Steven D" last="Trocha">Steven D. Trocha</name><name sortKey="Vidal Sicart, Sergi" sort="Vidal Sicart, Sergi" uniqKey="Vidal Sicart S" first="Sergi" last="Vidal-Sicart">Sergi Vidal-Sicart</name><name sortKey="Wang, He Jing" sort="Wang, He Jing" uniqKey="Wang H" first="He-Jing" last="Wang">He-Jing Wang</name><name sortKey="Wayne, Jeffrey D" sort="Wayne, Jeffrey D" uniqKey="Wayne J" first="Jeffrey D" last="Wayne">Jeffrey D. Wayne</name><name sortKey="Wouters, Michel W J M" sort="Wouters, Michel W J M" uniqKey="Wouters M" first="Michel W J M" last="Wouters">Michel W J M. Wouters</name><name sortKey="Wright, Frances" sort="Wright, Frances" uniqKey="Wright F" first="Frances" last="Wright">Frances Wright</name><name sortKey="Zager, Jonathan S" sort="Zager, Jonathan S" uniqKey="Zager J" first="Jonathan S" last="Zager">Jonathan S. Zager</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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